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Hallucinogenic drugs seem to weaken the head ’s optical processing , according to new findings . The new study was done in mice , so it is only a first measure toward understanding howhallucinationshappen . But hallucinogenic drugs seemed to put the principal visual realm of the mouse nous into a weak , disorganized United States Department of State , the study found . Neurons fire feebly , with unknown timing .
And without secure information fall from this primary processing region , the nous might taste to fill in the blank shell itself , said subject field research worker Cris Niell , a neuroscientist at the University of Oregon .
" The nous might start over - interpreting , or misinterpreting , " Niell told Live Science . " And that could terminate up as a hallucination . "
Believe your eyes
So far , that theme is just a hypothesis . Niell and his colleagues were interested in studying the theatrical role of a particular receptor , the serotonin 2A receptor , in the visual system . These receptorsplay a role in sensing . Hallucinogenic drug like LSD or psilocybin ( the active ingredient in " magic mushroom " ) target these receptors , which also seem to be involve in the hallucination get by multitude with schizophrenia . [ 11 Odd fact About Magic Mushrooms ]
But few studies have looked at the part of these sense organ on a neuron - by - neuron cornerstone . That ’s what Niell and his squad set out to do . They dosed mice with a hallucinogenic drug called DOI ( 4 - iodo-2,5 - dimethoxyphenylisopropylamine ) , which has long been used in animal studies . The mice were then picture computing machine screens with simple geometrical pattern , such as horizontal and erect lines , while researchers either appraise the activity of individual neuron using electrodes or used an advanced microscopical - imagery proficiency to in reality see nerve cell firing .
Compared with mice who had not been give DOI , the drugged mice register a weakness in the strength of nervous signaling in the primary ocular cortex . This area is the first position where visual information gets processed as it hits thebrain , Niell say .
" The responses were dial down , " he say , " but the information being convey was the same . "
The nerve cell also picture strange timing . Typically , Niell say , the neurons of the visual cerebral mantle explode with a burst of activity when exposed to a stimulus , then unload down to a down level of ongoing bodily function . But for mice on DOI , that warm initial burst was interrupt , he say .
Laying the groundwork
Another odd upshot was that mouse previously trained to recognize horizontal or upright lines showed potent neural effects from the drugs , Niell said . It ’s unclear what this means , but the finding could designate that being familiar with a stimulant could work how the hallucinogen acts .
Mice , of class , ca n’t saywhether they ’re hallucinating , Niell said . That makes it strong to translate the event like a shot to humans .
" This is laying the groundwork for next studies , " he said .
Among the question : If the mouse are hallucinating , is the cause the weakened sign in the primary visual cerebral mantle , or is it the strange disruptions to the nerve cell ' firing ? Are the modification the researchers saw in the neurons a direct effect of thehallucinogenic drug ? Or could the drug ’s upshot on other brain region cause the ocular processing change indirectly ?
The researchers plan to take care into the question using techniques that would direct DOI specifically to the visual area . They ’re also working to cultivate mouse to agnise certain traffic pattern as a way to get the gnawer to indicate what they ’re seeing . As the tool of neuroscience uprise more innovative , it ’s increasingly possible to zoom in on the brain at dissimilar level of processing , Niell enunciate .
" Some of the measurement we made could n’t have been done 10 or 20 class ago , " he said .
The findings are published today ( March 26 ) in the journalCell paper .
Originally published onLive Science .
